European imperialism, Portuguese control of Macao, British control of Hong Kong, geographic factor, attracted European investors, southern Africa, southeast Asia, natural resources, Suez Canal, Singapore, safe passage on strategic waterways, Opium Wars, domination of China by foreign powers, Chinese ports were opened for trade with European powers, Commodore Matthew Perry, Japan, Western trade and influence in Asia, spheres of influence, commercial advantages, success of European colonialism, co