High School Chemistry Fun Summer School Lessons

Develop a model to illustrate that the release or absorption of energy from a chemical reaction system depends upon the changes in total bond energy. Emphasis is on the idea that a chemical reaction is a system that affects the energy change. Examples of models could include molecular-level drawings and diagrams of reactions, graphs showing the relative energies of reactants and products, and representations showing energy is conserved. Assessment does not include calculating the total bond energy changes during a chemical reaction from the bond energies of reactants and products.

Refine the design of a chemical system by specifying a change in conditions that would produce increased amounts of products at equilibrium. Emphasis is on the application of Le Chatelier's Principle and on refining designs of chemical reaction systems, including descriptions of the connection between changes made at the macroscopic level and what happens at the molecular level. Examples of designs could include different ways to increase product formation including adding reactants or removing products. Assessment is limited to specifying the change in only one variable at a time. Assessment does not include calculating equilibrium constants and concentrations.

Apply scientific principles and evidence to provide an explanation about the effects of changing the temperature or concentration of the reacting particles on the rate at which a reaction occurs. Emphasis is on student reasoning that focuses on the number and energy of collisions between molecules. Assessment is limited to simple reactions in which there are only two reactants; evidence from temperature, concentration, and rate data; and qualitative relationships between rate and temperature.