Grade 12 Biology SBI4U - Course Bundle notes + tests + keys (5 units)
Products in this Bundle (5)
Bonus
Description
SBI4U – Grade 12 University prep biology (Ontario Curriculum) Course Bundle (5 units)
This covers the entire semester and contains all the course notes that you don't have to write, a big time saver!
Course notes are in Word format for easy customization (you can very easily create great PPT's with them if you wish), and contain many illustrations imbedded throughout for visual interest and clarity.
Check out the preview file included in this package to get a good idea of the quality of the notes: I have included 17 preview pages here so you can get a better idea of my approach. Hopefully you will appreciate the very significant amount of time that this will save you, and will serve you well in particular if you’re new to this course.
This bundle mainly consists of notes, review questions and tests/assessments.
I usually lecture for the first part of class, explaining the specific topic, then assign the relevant questions found in the chapter questions/review that is specific to that section (it’s clearly organized that way) for approximately the last 20 minutes of the class.
This package aligns with the text: "Nelson Biology 12" but the text is not needed.
However, if you don't use this text, everything here still covers the course curriculum - below is an explanation of specifically what material is covered, with text chapter numbers (for organizational purposes).
Bonus file: Course outline included (specific topics and general timeline).
Total instruction time: 18 weeks (full length of this course)
Total pages in this package: 636
This course consists of 5 units:
1. Biochemistry (combined with unit 2 below)
2. Metabolic processes (2 units together for organization):
53 pages notes, 6 labs, 13 tests, 5 quizzes (total pages = 207)
3. Molecular genetics: 35 pages notes, 12 tests, 3 quizzes (total pages = 171)
4. Homeostasis: 55 pages notes, 2 labs, 12 tests (total pages = 173)
5. Population dynamics: 15 pages notes, 1 test (total pages = 23)
Labs: enzymes, identifying nutrients, molecular models, nutrition (starch), osmosis, salivary amylase, urinalysis, rat dissection.
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Total assessments: 39 tests, 9 quizzes, 2 final exams + ALL KEYS:
Tests consist of 4-5 pages and contain a good mix of true/false, multiple choice, fill in the blank, short answer and long(er) answer questions. Quizzes are 2 pages long.
Tests typically take students approximately 60 minutes to complete (but ok for 75 minutes). Exam details below.
UNIT 1 - BIOCHEMISTRY (chapter 1)
UNIT 2 – METABOLIC PROCESSES (chapter 2&3)
Tests from these two units (I sometimes group these two units together):
Quiz ch.1 (x2 versions) ----- Quiz ch.2 (x3) ----- Quiz ch.1/2
Test ch.1 (x7) ----- Test ch.1/2 ----- Test ch.2/3 (x3)
Test ch.1/2/3 (x3)
UNIT 3 – MOLECULAR GENETICS (chapter 4,5,6)
Test ch.4 ——- Quiz ch.4/5 (#1) ——- Quiz ch.4/5 (#2)
Quiz ch.4/5 (#3) ——- Test ch.4/5 (#1) ——- Test ch.4/5 (#2)
Test ch.4/5 (#3) ——- Test ch.5 ----- Test ch.6 (#1)
Test ch.6 (#2) ----- Test ch.6 (#3)
Test unit 3 (chapter 4,5,6) (#1) ----- Test unit 3 (chapter 4,5,6) (#2)
UNIT 4 – HOMEOSTASIS) (chapter 7,8,9,10)
Test ch.7 ——- Test ch.7&8 (#1) ——- Test ch.7&8 (#2)
Test ch.7&8 (#3) ——- Test ch.7&8 (#4) ——- Test ch.8&9
Test ch.9&10 (#1) ——- Test ch.9&10 (#2) ----- Test ch.9&10 (#3)
Test ch.10
UNIT 5 – POPULATION DYNAMICS
----- Test ch.14/15 ----- (only one test because most is on the final exam)
2 Final exams included: (2.5 hours)
Exam #1: 40 marks multiple choice, 14 marks compare & contrast, 46 marks short answer, 20 marks long answer.
Total 120 marks, 15 pages in total
Exam #2: 45 marks multiple choice, 14 marks compare & contrast, 55 marks short answer, 30 marks long answer.
Total 144 marks, 16 pages in total
** keys for all the above included (except for the reviews)
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Here is a description of the curriculum that is covered:
UNIT 1: BIOCHEMISTRY (chapter 1) (about 1.5 weeks instruction time)
Chapter 1: The chemical basis of life
Isotopes & half-life, chemical bonding (ionic/covalent), electronegativity, molecular shape, polarity, hydrophobic/hydrophilic concepts, intra/intermolecular forces, properties of water & hydrogen bonding, strong/weak acids, buffers, neutralization, organic chemistry & hydrocarbons, functional groups, macromolecules in detail (carbs, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids) and their chemistry. Polymers, metabolism, anabolic vs. catabolic, enthalpy, ATP, redox reactions (and how they work). Exergonic/endergonic reactions. Enzymes: substrate, active site/complex, induced-fit, cofactors & coenzymes, competitive vs. non-competitive inhibitors, allosteric activators & inhibitors, regulation, cell membrane structure, passive transport (simple, facilitated diffusion), active transport + endo/exocytosis, organelle overview.
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UNIT 2: METABOLIC PROCESSES (chapter 2 & 3) (about 2.5 weeks instruction time)
Chapter 2: Cellular respiration
Auto/heterotrophs, aerobic respiration (general intro), obligate anaerobes, substrate and oxidative phosphorylation, detailed cellular respiration (4 stages):
1. glycolysis: detailed reactions & ATP/NADH production and overall balance per glucose molecule.
2. pyruvate oxidation: pyruvate to acetyl-CoA formation.
3. Krebs cycle: Acetyl-CoA broken down into CO2 releasing ATP/NADH/FADH2 and all associated reactions, products and details.
4. electron transport & chemiosmosis: electron transport chain in detail + all associated proteins, FADH2/NADH proton pump, electrochemical gradient, production of ATP from ADP, controlling aerobic respiration, related pathways with proteins & lipids, anaerobic pathways (ethanol & lactic acid fermentation), oxygen debt, VO2 max.
Chapter 3: Photosynthesis
Chemistry of this process, types of autotrophs, endosymbiotic theory, chlorophyll and porphyrin ring, detailed structure of the leaf, guard cell functioning/mechanism, chloroplast structure (stomata, stroma, thylakoids, grana, chlorophyll pigments), light reactions, capturing light energy via cyclic and non-cyclic electron pathway/photosystem I & II, production of ATP/NADPH in detail, Calvin cycle (RuBP, rubisco, PGA, PGAL + ATP and NADPH consumed), electron transport chain (ETC) in detail – all associated proteins & big picture, carbon fixation methods (C3, C4, CAM plants), summary comparing cellular respiration & photosynthesis.
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UNIT 3: MOLECULAR GENETICS (chapter 4,5,6) (about 6 weeks instruction time)
Chapter 4 (DNA):
DNA structure (sugar, phosphate, bases ATCG & pairing, double stranded structure, antiparallel, 3’-5’ and 5’-3’), purines/pyrimidines, nucleotide structure (clockwise numbering, glycosyl & ester bond), DNA replication: conservative/semi-conservative, replication fork/bubble, replication origin, DNA helicase, SSB’s, DNA gyrase, DNA polymerase I & III, RNA primers, primase, Okazaki fragments, exonucleases.
Chapter 5 (Protein synthesis):
Transcription, translation, differences between DNA and RNA, three classes of m/t/r RNA, genetic code: start/stop codons & codon chart (protein coding), transcription: RNA polymerase, promoter, template/coding strand, initiation/elongation, translation: mRNA reading frame, anticodon, Wobble hypothesis, aminoacyl-tRNA, acceptor & peptide site, control mechanisms: lac operon, promoter/operator, repressor protein, signal molecule/inducer, trp operon, corepressor, mutations (silent, missense, nonsense), substitution, deletion, frameshift, insertion, point mutations, translocation, transposable elements, inversion, spontaneous/induced mutations, mutagenic agents, coupled transcription-translation in prokaryotes, endosymbiotic theory, gene organization & chromosome structure: chromatin, histones, nucleosome, supercoiling, VNTR’s, telomeres, centromeres, pseudogenes.
Chapter 6 (Biotechnology):
Recombinant DNA, restriction endonucleases/enzymes, recognition sites, sticky/blunt ends, DNA ligase, methylation protection, gel electrophoresis (how it works), agarose/polyacrylamide, ethidium bromide, plasmids, copy number, transformation (how it’s done), competent cell, vectors, “gene gun”, multiple cloning site on plasmids, DNA cloning (steps), PCR reaction (how it works - DNA primers, Taq polymerase, variable/constant-length strands), RFLP (how it works - polymorphism, Southern blotting, autoradiogram), DNA sequencing (Sanger method – dideoxy forms & explanation), applications (genetic screening, gene therapy, transgenic plants, DNA fingerprinting).
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UNIT 4: HOMEOSTASIS (chapter 7,8,9,10) (about 6 weeks instruction time)
Chapter 7: Maintaining an Internal Balance:
Homeostasis, dynamic equilibrium, negative and positive feedback concepts, thermoregulation, hypothalamus (homeostatic body temperature control mechanism), excreting wastes (methods like removing CO2, digestive system, kidney - deamination, uric acid and urea), urinary system – kidney (cortex, medulla, renal pelvis), nephrons, kidney structures (glomerulus, afferent/efferent arteriole, Bowman’s capsule, proximal/distal tubule, loop of Henle, collecting ducts), the nephron (filtration, reabsorption, secretion), urine formation, water balance, osmoreceptors, ADH & how it works, blood pressure regulation (angiotensin/angiotensinogen, renin, aldosterone), pH balance (bicarbonate/carbonic acid buffer), kidney disease (diabetes mellitus/insipidus, Bright’s disease, kidney stones). Urinalysis lab
Chapter 8: Chemical Signals Maintain Homeostasis:
Endocrine system, hormones (GH, insulin, epinephrine), hypothalamus regulating the pituitary gland, steroid vs. protein hormones and entering cells, pituitary gland (posterior/anterior lobe functions), pancreas (glucagon, insulin), diabetes, thyroid gland (T3, T4, TRH, TSH) & regulation, parathyroid glands & calcium/vitamin D, stress hormones and endocrine system, prostaglandins, reproductive hormones (testosterone, GnRH, estrogen, LH, FSH), male reproductive system (regulation), spermatogenesis, female reproductive system (regulation), follicles, oocytes, ovulation, corpus luteum, menstrual cycle (phases) and hormonal control.
Chapter 9: Nerve Signals and Homeostasis:
Nervous system (CNS/PNS) and hierarchy: somatic, autonomic (sympathetic, parasympathetic system), nerve cells (glial, neurons – sensory neurons, interneurons, motor neurons), dendrites, cell bodies, axon, myelin, Schwann cells, nodes of Ranvier, neurilemma, reflex arc, types of reflexes, impulses (resting potential/active potential), rest/excitation (polarized/depolarized), Na-K+ pump, ATP, refractory period, threshold response, all-or-none response, synapses, neurotransmitters, synaptic transmission (pre & post synaptic neuron), acetylcholine, excitatory/inhibitory neurotransmitters, CNS, cerebrospinal fluid, spinal cord, dorsal/ventral nerves, brain (forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain) & functions, cerebrum, cerebellum, pons, brainstem, medulla oblongata, autonomic nervous system (sympathetic/parasympathetic, cranial nerves), endorphins & enkephalins, the eye (sclera, choroid layer, retina, aqueous & vitreous humour, iris, pupil, lens, blind spot), sensory adaptation, rods/cones, cornea, defects (glaucoma, cataract, astigmatism, near/farsightedness), the ear (outer, middle, inner), equilibrium (static & dynamic), cochlea & sound.
Chapter 10: Immune System and Homeostasis:
Pathogens, first & second line of defense, leukocytes, phagocytosis, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, lymphatic system, complement proteins, lymphocytes (T cells & B cells), antibodies & antigens, receptor sites, recognition, lymphokine, killer T-cells, suppressor T-cells, phagocytes, memory B cell, organ transplants, stem cells/pluripotent, malfunctions of immune system (allergies & autoimmune diseases), pathogens (bacteria, viruses, prions), virulent virus, vector, Louis Pasteur, antibiotics & antibiotic resistance, induced immunity (active/passive), vaccinations, primary/secondary response, monoclonal antibodies.
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UNIT 5: POPULATION DYNAMICS (chapter 14,15) (about 1.5 weeks instruction time)
Chapter 14: Population Ecology:
Population size & density (crude/ecological), dispersion (clumped, uniform, random), measuring population characteristics, quadrat, mark-recapture method, technology in tracking, carrying capacity, population dynamics, fecundity, patterns of survivorship, calculating changes in population size, open vs. closed population, biotic potential, geometric vs. exponential growth, logistic growth: “S” curve: lag, log, stationary phase. Dynamic equilibrium, symbiosis, competition (interference, exploitative), predation, defence mechanisms, symbiosis (mutualism, commensalism, parasitism), indigenous/non-indigenous species, population change factors (density dependent/independent).
Chapter 15: Human Populations:
Human populations and our past (brief), epidemic diseases, Industrial Revolution, demography, growth rates (types), transition model, gross national product (GNP), food & soil.
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Note: You might have noticed that chapters 11,12,13 aren’t included in the description. This is because they represent the Evolution Unit, which has since moved to the SBI3U course. Because of this, the 2 exams in this package contain a few questions from this (older) evolution unit, as they were written at that time, but there aren't too many and they can be easily omitted and/or used with the SBI3U evolution unit.
*** Also an ideal format for distance learning as files are organized and can be easily sent to students for independent study ***
I have also posted many other science course units, bundles, lab, test & exam packages on TpT.
You may also like:
SBI4U - Unit #1 (biochemistry) & Unit #2 (metabolic processes)
SBI4U - Unit #3 (molecular genetics) notes, tests +keys
